What happens to the cells that can trigger cancer to develop? Its for a research paper I'm working on...?

and can you also provide the website you got the info from? thanks =) and, What are some common cancer risk factors and what types of cancer could they lead to? I've already listed some common cancer risk factors, but, I havent found the types of cancer it leads to. Here it is: growing older, tobacco, sunlight, ionizing radiation, certain chemicals and other substances, some viruses and bacteria, certain hormones, family history of cancer, alcohol, poor diet, lack of physical activity, or


being overweight.





Could someone please tell me what types of cancer do they lead to?


Thanks

What happens to the cells that can trigger cancer to develop? Its for a research paper I'm working on...?
Cells that could become cancerous are just normal cells that have accumulated genetic mutations in some unfortunate places, such as genes that control cell cycle, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. These genes are sometimes called proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes.





As for what types of cancer risk factors cause....there are cancers that are associated with particular carcinogenic factors, such as melanomas from sunlight, lung cancer form tobacco smoke, mesotheliomas from asbestos exposure, papillomas from HPV and stuff like that, but cancer by nature is kinda random....sometimes you can't really point to a risk factor and say it will cause only a particular type of cancer. But I'll try to answer the best I can:





1. growing older: more time to accumulate all kinds of mutations, raising the possibility of many types of cancer. The two periods of your life when you're most likely to get cancer is either as an infant or an old man.





2. tobacco: lung cancers, mostly.





3. sunlight: Ultraviolet rays on your skin cause skin cancers such as melanomas.





4. radiation: depends on which part of your body is exposed to the radiation. For example, if it's ingested, you're likely to get some sort of GI cancer.





5. chemicals: depends of what type of chemicals and where the chemicals are applied to.





6. viruses and bacteria: These organisms are rather specific in the types of cells they infect, so the types of cancer they cuase are specific.Papilloma viruses will cause papillomas, Merek's disease in birds will only cause neoplastic transformation in B lymphocytes and feathers. Other viruses that target your immune system will cause all types of cancers as your immune system is no longer able to keep everyone in check.





7. hormones: many hormones act as growth factors for particular cells, so some cancers have to rely on hormones to grow. A good example would be breast cancer relying on progesterone. Abnormal levels of a hormone in your blood will cause the cells they affect to have abnormal growth, too. On the other hand hormones like corticosterone depress your immune system, causing all types of cancers.





8. lifestyle: that covers alcohol, diet, physical activity, etc etc. Obviously the healthiness of your body, and particularly your immune system is crucial to avoiding cancer. An unhealthy lifestyle is usually coupled with abnormal immune function and hormone levels, which would lead to all types of cancer. But research in this field is still ongoing, since it's much harder to pin down a lifestyle change than a particular carcinogen.
Reply:It occurs when abnormal cells are formed and multiply uncontrollably. They may form lumps, warts, nodules(lymph nodes) in abnormal tissues. Benign ones formed little problems. However when it becomes malignant, the body cells may destroy or invade the structures around the tumour and form satellite or metastatic tumours.





(a) Failure of the immune system like people being HIV-positive can lead to developments of certain cancers. It may also be due to a mistake in gene code, when the p-53 gene does not work, when the body cells grow out of control, and the white blood cells start multiplying itself rapidly, invading the other body cells.





(b) some basic cancers include:





-carcinoma: tissues affected are the skin and glandular tissues lining cellls of internal organs( tobacco, alcohol)





-sarcoma: affected tissues includes muscles, bones and fibrous tissues and lining cells of vessels.(lack of physical activity)





-leukemia: white blood cells affected(viruses, bacteria, family history)





-lymphoma: lymph glands





-cancers of the lymphatic systems(Hodgkin's disease) may be caused by being overweight, as the fats are aren't able to be absorbed by lacteal, hence can't be transported to the subclavian vein to be released.





-Wilm's tumour( a rare form of kidney cancer that affects children)--poor diet.





-germ cell tumours and testi cancers, probably due to certain hormones and chemicals





--there's another form, choriocarcinoma, which is the cancer of the placenta.





-melanoma: ionizing radiation. John McCain and George Bush got affected by this too.